{"id":6629,"date":"2023-06-28T15:37:49","date_gmt":"2023-06-28T13:37:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newvision.be\/glaucome\/"},"modified":"2025-06-01T15:03:41","modified_gmt":"2025-06-01T13:03:41","slug":"glaucome","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.newvision.be\/fr\/traitements\/glaucome\/","title":{"rendered":"Glaucome"},"content":{"rendered":"

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<\/span><\/h1>\n

Glaucome<\/h1>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Qu’est-ce que le glaucome\u00a0?<\/h2>\n

Le glaucome est une maladie de l’\u0153il qui affecte le nerf optique. Souvent, une pression oculaire excessive est \u00e0 l’origine de cette atteinte du nerf. Mais dans 50\u00a0% des cas, la pression oculaire se situe toujours dans les \u00ab\u00a0limites normales\u00a0\u00bb et le nerf optique est tout de m\u00eame endommag\u00e9. On parle alors de glaucome \u00e0 pression normale.
Normalement, le nerf optique se charge de transmettre les signaux lumineux au cerveau. Un nerf optique endommag\u00e9 entra\u00eene des limitations de notre champ visuel (=vue d’ensemble). Dans les premiers stades de la maladie, ces limitations se produisent dans le champ visuel p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique. Par cons\u00e9quent, le patient ne les remarque pas lui-m\u00eame. Au fur et \u00e0 mesure que la maladie progresse, des d\u00e9ficiences apparaissent \u00e9galement dans le champ visuel central. Cela peut \u00e9ventuellement conduire \u00e0 une vision en tunnel ou m\u00eame \u00e0 une c\u00e9cit\u00e9 compl\u00e8te au stade final.<\/p>\n

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Quels sont les facteurs de risque du glaucome\u00a0?<\/h3>\n

Le glaucome est le plus fr\u00e9quent \u00e0 partir de 40\u00a0ans, mais il peut appara\u00eetre \u00e0 tout \u00e2ge. Il existe une pr\u00e9disposition familiale tr\u00e8s nette\u00a0; c’est-\u00e0-dire que si un membre de votre famille est atteint de glaucome, votre risque de glaucome est plus \u00e9lev\u00e9. Parmi les autres facteurs de risque de glaucome, citons la myopie, la couleur de peau noire, l’utilisation de cortisone…<\/p>\n

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Comment le glaucome est-il d\u00e9tect\u00e9\u00a0?<\/h3>\n

Le glaucome est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une maladie qui se d\u00e9veloppe lentement et <\/span>qui provoque une perte progressive et indolore de la vision. Le champ visuel p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique \u00e9tant le premier touch\u00e9, le patient ne s’en aper\u00e7oit que trop tard. Il est rare que la pression oculaire soit suffisamment \u00e9lev\u00e9e pour provoquer une douleur ou une rougeur de l’\u0153il.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Seul un examen approfondi de l’\u0153il permet de d\u00e9tecter le glaucome \u00e0 un stade pr\u00e9coce. Pour ce faire, on mesure la pression oculaire de mani\u00e8re indolore. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l’ophtalmoscopie, l’ophtalmologiste examine la partie arri\u00e8re de l’\u0153il pour \u00e9valuer la sant\u00e9 du nerf optique. Un examen du champ visuel est \u00e9galement effectu\u00e9 pour d\u00e9tecter les limitations du champ visuel aunsi qu’un scanner du nerf optique.<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

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Comment le glaucome est-il trait\u00e9\u00a0?<\/h3>\n

On commence g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement par administrer des gouttes ophtalmiques pour faire baisser la pression oculaire. Parfois, un traitement au laser ou une chirurgie oculaire est n\u00e9cessaire pour abaisser la pression oculaire.<\/p>\n

Le traitement peut-il am\u00e9liorer \u00e0 nouveau la vision<\/span>\u00a0?<\/h3>\n

Malheureusement, les l\u00e9sions du nerf optique (et donc la perte de vision) caus\u00e9es par le glaucome sont toujours permanentes et non r\u00e9versibles. L’objectif du traitement est donc de pr\u00e9venir d’autres dommages. D’o\u00f9 l’importance d’un d\u00e9pistage pr\u00e9coce, d’examens r\u00e9guliers chez l’ophtalmologiste et de l’application correcte du traitement prescrit. En effet, seuls un d\u00e9pistage pr\u00e9coce et un traitement ad\u00e9quat du glaucome peuvent limiter l’aggravation des l\u00e9sions du nerf optique et l’aggravation de la perte de vision.<\/p>\n

Remarque:<\/i><\/b> Ci-dessus, le glaucome chronique \u00e0 angle ouvert<\/b> a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9crit. Celui-ci \u00e9volue plut\u00f4t lentement, sur plusieurs ann\u00e9es. Une autre forme est le glaucome aigu \u00e0 angle ferm\u00e9<\/b>, dans lequel l’angle de la chambre ant\u00e9rieure est trop \u00e9troit et devient occlus. La pression oculaire peut alors augmenter tr\u00e8s rapidement, provoquant des douleurs (\u00e0 la t\u00eate), des naus\u00e9es (avec parfois des vomissements), une rougeur des yeux et une perte de vision. Cette situation doit \u00eatre trait\u00e9 d’urgence par iridotomie au laser : cf. info sur \u00ab l\u2019iridotomie \u00bb. Lorsqu’un angle \u00e9troit de la chambre ant\u00e9rieure est constat\u00e9 lors d’un contr\u00f4le de routine, un traitement pr\u00e9ventif au laser (iridotomie) sera recommand\u00e9 afin d’\u00e9viter cette situation aigu\u00eb et douloureuse.<\/p>\n

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Glaucome  Qu’est-ce que le glaucome\u00a0? Le glaucome est une maladie de l’\u0153il qui affecte le nerf optique. Souvent, une pression oculaire excessive est \u00e0 l’origine de cette atteinte du nerf. Mais dans 50\u00a0% des cas, la pression oculaire se situe toujours dans les \u00ab\u00a0limites normales\u00a0\u00bb et le nerf optique est tout de m\u00eame endommag\u00e9. On […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":6832,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6629","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGlaucome - New Vision Oogklinieken<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.newvision.be\/fr\/traitements\/glaucome\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Glaucome - New Vision Oogklinieken\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Glaucome  Qu'est-ce que le glaucome\u00a0? Le glaucome est une maladie de l'\u0153il qui affecte le nerf optique. Souvent, une pression oculaire excessive est \u00e0 l'origine de cette atteinte du nerf. Mais dans 50\u00a0% des cas, la pression oculaire se situe toujours dans les \u00ab\u00a0limites normales\u00a0\u00bb et le nerf optique est tout de m\u00eame endommag\u00e9. 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Le glaucome est une maladie de l'\u0153il qui affecte le nerf optique. Souvent, une pression oculaire excessive est \u00e0 l'origine de cette atteinte du nerf. Mais dans 50\u00a0% des cas, la pression oculaire se situe toujours dans les \u00ab\u00a0limites normales\u00a0\u00bb et le nerf optique est tout de m\u00eame endommag\u00e9. 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